Umbala waMaso wabantwana W3672243

Uthini umahluko phakathi kweeglasi zabantu abadala kunye nabantwana

I-Optometry yabantwana yenye yemisebenzi ephambili ye-optometry yabantwana.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-optometry yabantu abadala, i-optometry yabantwana inezo zombini izinto ezifanayo kunye neenkcukacha.Kukudityaniswa kwenzululwazi yamehlo yabantwana, i-optometry yabantwana kunye ne-ophthalmology, kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zobuchwephesha kunye nezobugcisa.Ifuna ukuba umqhubi angabi nolwazi lwe-ophthalmology kuphela, kodwa abe nesiseko se-ophthalmology yabantwana kunye ne-optometry yabantwana, kodwa abe yingcali kwi-optometry.Ukujongana neengxaki ze-refractive zabantwana zombini iteknoloji kunye nobugcisa.

Iiglasi ngokwazo "ziziyobisi" zamehlo, ngakumbi kubantwana abane-strabismus kunye ne-amblyopia.Kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ezininzi: ukulungiswa kweempazamo zokuqhawula, ukubuyiselwa kwendawo eqhelekileyo yamehlo (unyango lwe-strabismus), unyango lwe-amblyopia, ukugqoka okukhululekile kunye nokuqina, imisebenzi ekhethekileyo (ukudandatheka kwe-optical) njalo njalo.Ngoko ke, ukufakwa kweeglasi zabantwana akufanelekile kwabangengabo ochwepheshe.

Ngokuphathelele kwi-optometry yabantwana kunye neeglasi, yimfuneko esisiseko ukujonga i-static refraction (i-cycloplegia optometry, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-mydriatic optometry), kwaye akufanelekanga ukuba ibe lula kwaye ichasene nomgaqo, ngakumbi kubantwana abakhetha i-Optometry okokuqala, abantwana abane-strabismus kunye ne-strabismus.abantwana ababona kude.Isebe lezempilo kuzwelonke likhuphe umgangatho wokuba abantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kweshumi elinesibini bajongwe i-Dilated Optometry.Ngokwemeko yangempela yomntwana, ugqirha ofumanayo unokukhetha ukuba asebenzise i-atropine eye ointment ukuze ahlaziye umfundi okanye i-compound tropicamide (okukhawulezayo) ukukhulula umfundi.Ngokomgaqo, kufuneka isetyenziswe kwi-esotropia, hyperopia, amblyopia, kunye nabantwana basenkulisa, kunye ne-mydriasis ekhawulezayo inokuqwalaselwa kwezinye iimeko.

Emva kwe-optometry ehlanjululweyo kunye nokuqonda i-diopter yokwenene yomntwana, ugqirha unokudibanisa ulwazi oluvela kuwo onke amaqela kwaye enze isigqibo sokuba amisele iiglasi ngokukhawuleza, okanye alinde umfundi ukuba abuyele kwisiqhelo kwaye aphinde ahlolisise ngaphambi kokufaka iiglasi.Kubantwana abane-esotropia kunye ne-amblyopia, ukwenzela ukuba baphathe abantwana ngeeglasi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye bancede abantwana baqhelane nokunxiba iiglasi, kufuneka bamiselwe ngokukhawuleza emva kwe-optometry ehlanjululweyo kwaye baphathwe ngeeglasi ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulinda umfundi. ukuchacha.Kwi-pseudomyopia, iqondo le-myopia emva kwe-mydriasis lihlala lingaphantsi kunedigri emva kwe-mydriasis.Xa ufaka iiglasi, iqondo lomfundi omncinci akufanele lisetyenziswe njengekhrayitheriya, kodwa iqondo le-mydriasis kufuneka lisetyenziswe njengomgangatho wokubhekisela.Isipili, sinokunqanda usasazo lwe-pseudo-myopia.

Iiglasi zabantwana zihluke kwiiglasi zabantu abadala ekusebenzeni.Iiglasi zabantwana zijolise ekunyangeni izifo zamehlo, ngelixa iiglasi zabantu abadala zijolise ekuphuculeni umbono.Ngoko ke, umbono wabanye abantwana emva kokugqoka ubi nakakhulu kunangaphambi kokuba unxibe iiglasi, ezingenzi nje ukuba abazali abaninzi bangakwazi ukuqonda, kodwa kwakhona kwenza iingcali ezininzi ezijongene ne-Optometry nazo zingakwazi ukuqonda.Oku kudla ngokudala ukungaqondani okuncinane phakathi kwabazali noogqirha.Kubantwana abane-myopia, iiglasi zinokuphucula umbono, ziphelise ukukhathala, zilungelelanise izihlunu ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamehlo, kwaye zithintele i-myopia ekujuleni.Kubantwana abane-hyperopia, i-anisometropia, i-strabismus, i-amblyopia, njl., iiglasi ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zamehlo, eziyimfuneko yokuphucula umbono wexesha elizayo.

Olunye uphawu oluphambili lweeglasi zabantwana kukuba amandla eelensi kufuneka atshintshe ngamandla eliso.Kuba abantwana basekwinkqubo yokukhula kunye nophuhliso, ngakumbi abantwana abasaqalayo kunye nabafikisayo.Isikolo samabanga aphantsi lixesha elibalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni okubonakalayo, iqondo le-hyperopia liyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye ukuphuhliswa kwe-eyeball kusondele kumntu omdala.Ubutsha yincopho yesibini yokuphuhliswa kwamehlo, kwaye i-myopia ibonakala kakhulu kweli nqanaba kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe iyancipha, kwaye iyayeka ekupheleni kokufikisa.Ke ngoko, uninzi lwabantwana ludinga i-optometry ekhawulezayo minyaka le, abanye abantwana abancinci bade bafune i-optometry ekhawulezayo isiqingatha sonyaka, bajonge umbono wabo rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-3, kwaye batshintshe iiglasi okanye iilensi ngexesha ngokotshintsho kwisidanga samehlo.Nxiba iminyaka embalwa.

Ngenxa yophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwe-myopia ebantwaneni, uphando lokulawula ukuphuhliswa kwe-myopia luhlala luyi-hotspot yophando kwishishini.Nangona lungekabikho unyango olusebenzayo, iindidi ezimbini zeelensi zoqhagamshelwano, iilensi zoqhagamshelwano kunye ne-RGP, zisenokuthathwa njengokucotha okanye nokulawula i-myopia yabantwana.Yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuphuhlisa, eye yabonwa ngokubanzi lishishini.Ngokukhula ngokuthe ngcembe kunye nophuhliso lwesayensi lwemathiriyeli yelensi, uyilo, itekhnoloji yokucubungula, ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kunye netekhnoloji yokhathalelo lwelensi, ukhuseleko lwayo lokunxiba nalo luya luphucuka kwaye lungcono.