Izinto ezine ekufuneka uziqwalasele phambi kokwazi malunga neendondo zelanga

1.Ziziphi iiglasi zelanga

Iiglasi zelanga, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zizibuko ze-sun-shading, zisetyenziselwa ukwenza umbala welanga. Abantu bahlala behlengahlengisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngokuhlengahlengisa ubungakanani bomfundi elangeni. Xa ukukhanya kokukhanya kudlula amandla okulungelelaniswa kwamehlo omntu, kuya kubangela umonakalo emehlweni abantu.

Ngoko ke, kwimisebenzi yangaphandle, ngakumbi ehlobo, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa izibuko ze-sunshade ukuvimbela ilanga ukunciphisa ukukhathala okubangelwa ukulungiswa kwamehlo okanye umonakalo obangelwa ukuvuselela ukukhanya okunamandla.

Ngoko iiglasi zelanga bekufanele zibe yinto ebalulekileyo ebomini bethu. Sinokunxiba iindondo zelanga ehlotyeni xa kushushu, sinxibe iindondo zelanga xa siqhuba, sinxibe iindondo zelanga xa sizifota. Kupholile, kwaye kulula ukuphatha iindondo zelanga. Abasetyhini banokufaka iiglasi kwiingxowa zabo ze-canvas tote kunye neengxowa zokuthenga. Ukuba uyindoda, ungazifaka epokothweni yesuti yakho. Unako kwakhona ukuyibeka kwimoto yakho ngelixa uqhuba, njl. Nangona kunjalo, iiglasi zelanga zikulungele kakhulu ukusebenzisa

Ngoko iiglasi zelanga bekufanele zibe yinto ebalulekileyo ebomini bethu. Uyakwazi ukunxiba iindondo zelanga ehlotyeni elitshisayo, unganxiba iindondo zelanga xa uqhuba, kwaye unganxiba iindondo zelanga xa uthatha iselfies. Epholileyo, kulula ukuphatha iindondo zelanga. Amanenekazi angafaka iiglasi zawo kwiibhegi ze-canvas tote kunye neebhegi zokuthenga. Ukuba uyindoda, ungazifaka epokothweni yesuti. Ungaphinda uyibeke emotweni ngelixa uqhuba. Iiglasi zelanga zikulungele kakhulu ukusetyenziswa nokuba kunjalo. Iiglasi zelanga zefektri yethu kunye neefreyimu ezibonakalayo ziye zahlolwa umgangatho ongqongqo, kwaye ngokusisiseko sivelisa oomatshini ngoku, njengakwinkqubo yokucoca amanzi amdaka sisebenzisaInkqubo yokucoca amanziNgePump, sisebenzisa umatshini wokuthengisa we-USB ozenzekelayo kwintambo yedatha yeemveliso zombane. Sisebenzisa umatshini wokuthunga ukwenzaiibhegi ze-canvas tote. Sisebenzisa aumatshini wokuqhawula ucingo lwekhompyuthaukucubungula iintambo. Ukucutshungulwa kweekona kunye neekona zesakhelo, sisebenzisa umatshini wokudibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukudibanisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zesakhelo. , Isenza ukuba siphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko, kwaye sinokukunika ixabiso eliphantsi.

2.Umgaqo wezibuko zelanga

Iindondo zelanga isiphumo

(Iindondo zelanga)

(Iindondo zelanga)

Izibuko zelanga zinokuvala ukukhanya okungathandekiyo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye kunokukhusela amehlo kwimitha ye-ultraviolet. Konke oku kungenxa yokucoca umgubo wesinyithi, onokuthi "ukhethe" ukukhanya xa kubetha. Iiglasi ezinemibala zinokuthatha ngokukhethayo ezinye zeewavelengths ezenza imitha yelanga kuba zisebenzisa umgubo wesinyithi ocoleke kakhulu (intsimbi, ubhedu, i-nickel, njl. njl.). Enyanisweni, xa ukukhanya kubetha i-lens, ukukhanya kuyancitshiswa ngokusekelwe kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo "yokuphazamisa ukutshabalalisa". Oko kukuthi, xa amaza okukhanya athile (apha ekubhekiselwa kuwo njenge-ultraviolet a, i-ultraviolet b, kunye ne-infrared ngamanye amaxesha) edlula kwilensi, aya kucima enye nenye ngaphakathi kwilensi ejonge ngasesweni. Ukugqithwa kwamaza okukhanya akwenzeki ngengozi: iincopho zamaza elinye kunye nemijelo yamaza akufutshane adibanisa ukurhoxisa omnye komnye. Isenzeko sokuphazamiseka okutshabalalisayo sixhomekeke kwisalathiso se-refractive ye-lens (oko kukuthi, iqondo lokuphambuka xa ukukhanya kudlula kwizinto ezahlukeneyo emoyeni), kwaye kuxhomekeke kubukhulu be-lens. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhulu be-lens abutshintshi kakhulu, kwaye isalathisi se-refractive se-lens siyahluka ngokomahluko wokubunjwa kweekhemikhali. Kwaye izibuko zelanga akufanele zidibanise ngqo nelanga.

Iiglasi zepolarized

Ukunxiba iiglasi ezipholileyo

(Iiglasi zepolarized)

Iiglasi zepolarized zibonelela ngenye indlela yokukhusela amehlo. Ukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo ukusuka kwindlela ye-asphalt kukukhanya okukhethekileyo okukhethekileyo. Umahluko phakathi koku kukhanya kubonakalisiweyo kunye nokukhanya okuvela ngqo elangeni okanye nawuphi na umthombo wokukhanya owenziweyo ukwingxaki yolungelelwano. Ukukhanya kwepolarized kwenziwa ngamaza angcangcazela kwicala elinye, ngelixa ukukhanya okuqhelekileyo kuyilwa ngamaza angcangcazelayo angasingiseli cala. Kufana neqela labantu elihamba ngokungalungelelananga neqela lamajoni elihamba ngokulandelelana. , Yenza umahluko obukhali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo kukukhanya okucwangcisiweyo. Iilensi ze-polarizing zisebenza ngokukodwa ekuthinteleni oku kukhanya ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokucoca. Olu hlobo lwelensi luvumela kuphela amaza agqagqeneyo angcangcazela kwicala elithile ukuba adlule, kanye njengokukhanya “kokukama”. Kwiingxaki zokubonakaliswa kwendlela, ukusetyenziswa kweeglasi ze-polarized kunokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya, kuba ayivumeli amaza okukhanya ashukumayo ahambelana nendlela yokudlula. Ngapha koko, iimolekyuli ezinde zoluhlu lwesihluzi zijolise kwicala elithe tye kwaye zinokufunxa ukukhanya okuthe tye. Ngale ndlela, ubuninzi bokukhanya okubonakalisiweyo kupheliswa, kwaye konke ukukhanya kwendawo engqongileyo akuncitshiswa, kwaye i-polarizer inokujongana nelanga ngokuthe ngqo.

Iiglasi ezitshintsha umbala

(Iiglasi ezitshintsha umbala)

(Iiglasi ezitshintsha umbala)

(Iiglasi ezitshintsha umbala)

(Iiglasi ezitshintsha umbala)

 

(Iiglasi ezitshintsha umbala)

 

(Iiglasi ezitshintsha umbala)

Iilensi zeeglasi ezitshintsha umbala zinokuba mnyama emva kokuba imitha yelanga ifikile. Xa ukukhanya kuncipha, kwaphinda kwakhanya. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba iikristale ze-halide zesilivere ziyasebenza. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, inokugcina ilensi elubala ngokugqibeleleyo. Ngaphantsi kokukhanya kwelanga, isilivere kwi-crystal iyahlukana, kwaye isilivere yamahhala yenza ama-aggregates amancinci ngaphakathi kwelensi. Ezi ngqungquthela zesilivere ezincinci ziyibhloko ezingaqhelekanga kunye namazinyo e-canine. Abakwazi ukuhambisa ukukhanya, kodwa banokufunxa ukukhanya kuphela. Ngenxa yoko, i-lens iba mnyama. Xa ukukhanya kumnyama, ikristale iphinda ifom, kwaye i-lens ibuyela kwimeko yayo eqaqambileyo.

3. Imisebenzi esisiseko yeendondo zelanga

Intshayelelo

Iperi yezibuko zelanga ibonakala ilula kakhulu, oko kukuthi, kukho iiglasi ezimbini ezinemibala okanye iiplastiki kwiplastiki ethile okanye isakhelo sesinyithi. Ngaba ikho into elula ngakumbi kunale? Enyanisweni, iilensi ezimbini zeglasi zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu. Xa usebenzisa izibuko zelanga, lo mahluko nawo uya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kuwe.

Imisebenzi

(I-UV iyonakalisa i-retina)

Imitha yeultraviolet inokonakalisa i<em>cornea neretina, yaye iiglasi zelanga ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokuyiphelisa ngokupheleleyo imitha ye<em>ultraviolet.

Xa iliso lifumana ukukhanya okukhulu, liya kucutha iris ngokwendalo. Nje ukuba iris inciphe ukuya kumda wayo, abantu ke kufuneka bancwine. Ukuba kusekho ukukhanya okuninzi kakhulu, okufana nokukhanya kwelanga okuvela ekhephini, kuya kuyonakalisa iretina. Iiglasi zelanga ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokuhluza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-97% yokukhanya okungena esweni ukunqanda umonakalo.

Iindawo ezithile, ezifana namanzi, zinokubonakalisa ukukhanya okukhulu, kwaye iindawo ezikhanyayo eziveliswe ngale ndlela zinokuphazamisa umgca wokubona okanye ukufihla izinto. Iiglasi zelanga ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-polarization ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ilitha elinjalo. Siza kwazisa ubuchwepheshe bepolarization kamva.

Iifrikhwensi ezithile zokukhanya ziyakwenza mfiliba indlela yokubona, ngelixa ezinye iifrikhwekhwekhwekhwe zokukhanya zinokwandisa umahluko. Khetha umbala ofanelekileyo wezibuko zelanga, ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono kwindawo ethile.

Ukuba iiglasi zelanga aziboneleli ngokhuseleko lwe-UV, ziya kukubeka kwimitha engaphezulu ye-UV. Iiglasi zelanga zexabiso eliphantsi zihluza okunye ukukhanya, okubangela ukuba iris yakho ivuleke ukuze ifumane ukukhanya okungakumbi. Oku kuya kuvumela imitha ye-ultraviolet ngakumbi ukuba ingene, inyusa umonakalo owenziwe yimitha ye-ultraviolet kwiretina.

Ngoko ke, kukho ngokwenene umahluko phakathi kweeglasi zelanga ezahlukeneyo. Kwindawo ethile yokusetyenziswa, ukukhetha izibuko zelanga ezifanelekileyo nezikumgangatho ophezulu kuya kukubonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu.

Ngokwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, iiglasi zelanga zihlelwa njengemveliso yokukhusela amehlo. Umsebenzi ophambili wezibuko zelanga kukuthintela ilitha lelanga. Noko ke, imilinganiselo yamazwe ngamazwe iyahlulahlula iiglasi zelanga zibe “zizibuko zefashoni” kunye “nezipili ezisetyenziselwa injongo ngokubanzi.” Iimfuno zekhwalithi "zesibuko sefashoni" kumgangatho ziphantsi. Ngenxa yokuba "isibuko sefashoni" sigxininise kakhulu kwisitayela, umntu onxibayo unikela ingqalelo ekuhombiseni kunokukhusela. Ngokomgangatho, iimfuno zomgangatho "wezipili zenjongo ngokubanzi zingqongqo, kubandakanya iimfuno zokhuseleko lwe-UV, i-diopter kunye neprism.

4.Ukuhlelwa kweendondo zelanga

Ukuhlelwa ngokusetyenziswa

Iindondo zelanga ngokubanzi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu: iindondo ezibeka ilanga, iindondo ezinemibala ekhanyayo kunye nezinjongo ezizodwa zelanga.

(iiglasi zelanga)

Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-sun-shading mirror, njengoko igama libonisa, isetyenziselwa ukuthungatha. Abantu bahlala behlengahlengisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngokuhlengahlengisa ubungakanani babafundi babo elangeni. Xa ukukhanya kokukhanya kudlula amandla okulungelelaniswa kweliso lomntu, kuya kubangela umonakalo kwiliso lomntu. Ngoko ke, kwimisebenzi yangaphandle, ngakumbi ehlobo, abantu abaninzi basebenzisa iiglasi ze-sun-shading ukuvimba ilanga ukunciphisa ukukhathala okubangelwa ukulungiswa kwamehlo okanye umonakalo obangelwa ukuvuselela ukukhanya okunamandla.

(iiglasi zelanga ezikhanyayo)

(iindondo zelanga ezikhethekileyo)

(ielensi ezikhuselayo ezibonisa ukugqama)

<1> I-lens yokukhusela i-anti-reflective: Olu hlobo lwe-lens lufakwe kwi-lens encinci ye-magnesium fluoride phezu komhlaba ukukhusela ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya okunamandla, ukuze ukwazi ukubona izinto ngokucacileyo kwaye ungaphazanyiswa kukukhanya okunamandla. Ukujonga ukuba ingaba iiglasi zakho zelanga zisebenzisa ngokwenene iilensi ezikhuselayo, ungazikhomba iiglasi kwindawo yokukhanya. Ukuba ubona imbonakalo emfusa okanye eluhlaza, oko kuthetha ukuba iilensi ngokwenene ziqatywe ngefilimu ekhuselayo ekhuselayo.

(iilensi ezinemibala)

<2> Iilensi ezinemibala: ekwabizwa ngokuba "iilensi ezidayiwe", kuthetha ukongeza izinto ezithile zeekhemikhali kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kweelensi ukwenza iilensi zibonise imibala ukutsala ukukhanya kobude obuthile. Olu lolona hlobo lwelensi lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindondo zelanga.

(Iilensi ezipeyintiweyo)

<3> I-Lens epeyintiweyo: Isiphumo solu hlobo lwe-lens lufana nelo lens enemibala, kuphela indlela yokwenza ihluke. Kukupeyinta umbala kumphezulu welensi. Eyona nto iyaziwa kakhulu "i-lens enemibala ye-gradient", umbala nguMphezulu ngowona unzulu, kwaye emva koko uyancipha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izibuko zelanga ezinemigqaliselo zipeyintwa kakhulu ngeelensi.

(iilensi ezipholileyo)

<4> Iilensi ze-polarized: Ukuze kuhlungwe imisebe ekhanyayo yelanga ekhanyayo emanzini, emhlabeni okanye kwikhephu ngeendlela ezilinganayo, i-coating ekhethekileyo ethe nkqo yongezwa kwiilensi, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-polarized lens. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kwimidlalo yangaphandle (njengemisebenzi yaselwandle, i-skiing okanye ukuloba).

(iilensi ezitshintsha umbala)

(Ikliphu yezibuko zelanga)

(Ilensi yokuqhuba ebusuku)

Uhlobo lweempawu

<1> I-lens engwevu: I-lens engwevu inokufunxa nayiphi na i-spectrum yombala ngokulinganayo, ngoko ke indawo iya kuba mnyama kuphela, kodwa akuyi kubakho i-chromatic aberration ecacileyo, ebonisa imvakalelo yangempela kunye neyendalo. Kungokwenkqubo yombala ongathathi hlangothi.

<2> Iilensi eziBrown: hluza ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okunokuphucula ukungafani okubonakalayo kunye nokucaca. Kungcono ukunxiba phantsi kongcoliseko lomoya okanye iimeko ezinenkungu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inokuthintela ukukhanya okubonakalayo ukusuka kwindawo egudileyo kunye nekhanyayo, kwaye umntu onxibileyo usenokubona iindawo ezifihlakeleyo. Lukhetho olufanelekileyo kubaqhubi.

<3> I-lens eluhlaza: ngelixa ibamba ukukhanya, iphakamisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza kufinyelela emehlweni, ngoko inomvakalelo opholileyo kunye nokhululekile, ofanelekileyo kubantu abajongene nokukhathala kwamehlo.

<4> Iilensi ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye ne-grey: zifana ne-gray lens, zingama-lens angathathi hlangothi, kodwa umbala unzulu kwaye isantya sokukhanya esibonakalayo siphezulu.

<5> I-Mercury lens: I-lens surface ithatha i-high-density mirror coating. Iilensi ezinjalo zithatha ukukhanya okubonakalayo okubonakalayo kwaye zifanelekile kubantu bezemidlalo bangaphandle.

<6> I-lens ephuzi: Ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, olu hlobo lwe-lens aluyiyo i-lens ye-sunglass, kuba ayinciphisi ukukhanya okubonakalayo, kodwa kwiiyure zenkungu kunye ne-twilight, i-lens ephuzi inokuphucula ukuchasana kunye nokubonelela ngombono ochanekileyo, ngoko ikwabizwa ngokuba isipili sombono wasebusuku. Abanye abantu abaselula banxiba “iiglasi zelanga” ezineelensi ezityheli njengomhombiso.

<7> Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-pink ekhanyayo kunye nezinye iilensi: iilensi ezifanayo zihlobisa ngakumbi kunezokusebenza.

<8> Ilensi eluhlaza emnyama: Ibamba ukushisa kwaye izise imvakalelo epholileyo, kodwa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunye nokucaca kuphantsi. Ifanelekile ukunxiba elangeni kwaye ayifanelekanga ukuqhuba.

<9> I-lens eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: I-sun blue lens inokugqithwa xa idlala elunxwemeni. Ilensi eluhlaza inokucoca ngokufanelekileyo ukukhanya okuluhlaza okubonakaliswa lulwandle kunye nesibhakabhaka. Sifanele sikuphephe ukusebenzisa iilensi eziluhlaza xa siqhuba, kuba oko kuya kusenza singakwazi ukwahlula umbala womqondiso wendlela.