Sisoloko siva amagama afana nombono 1.0, 0.8 kunye myopia 100 degrees, 200 degrees kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, kodwa enyanisweni, umbono 1.0 akuthethi ukuba akukho myopia, kwaye umbono 0.8 akuthethi 100 degrees myopia.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kombono kunye ne-myopia bufana nobudlelwane phakathi kobunzima kunye nemigangatho yokutyeba. Ukuba umntu unobunzima beekati ezingama-200, oko akuthethi ukuba kufuneka atyebe. Kwakhona kufuneka sigwebe ngokobude bakhe-umntu onobude beemitha ezi-2 akatyebanga kwiikati ezingama-200. , Kodwa ukuba umntu oziimitha ezi-1.5 unamakati angama-200, utyebe kakhulu.
Ngoko ke, xa sijonga amehlo ethu, kufuneka siwahlalutye ngokudibanisa nezinto zobuqu. Umzekelo, i-visual acuity ye-0.8 kumntwana oneminyaka emi-4 okanye emi-5 yinto eqhelekileyo kuba umntwana unogcino oluthile lokubona kude. Abantu abadala bane-myopia ephakathi ukuba umbono wabo ngu-0.8.
I-myopia yenyani kunye nobuxoki
[I-myopia yokwenyani] ibhekisa kwimpazamo ye-refractive eyenzeka xa i-axis yeliso iba nde kakhulu.
[Pseudo-myopia] Kunokuthiwa luhlobo lwe "myopia yokuhlala", eyimeko yokudinwa kwamehlo, okubhekiselele kwi-accommodative spasm ye-ciliary muscle emva kokusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kweso.
Phezulu, i-pseudo-myopia iphinda iphazamise umgama kwaye ibone ngokucacileyo kufuphi, kodwa akukho tshintsho lwe-diopter luhambelanayo ngexesha lokuphindaphinda kwe-mydriatic. Ngoko kutheni ingacacanga xa ukude? Oku kungenxa yokuba amehlo ahlala esetyenziswa ngokungalunganga, imisipha ye-ciliary iyaqhubeka inkontileka kunye ne-spasm, kwaye ayikwazi ukufumana ukuphumla okufanelekileyo, kwaye i-lens iba nkulu. Ngale ndlela, ukukhanya okunxuseneyo kungena esweni, yaye emva kokuba i<em>lens ejiyileyo iguquguquke, ugxininiso luwela phambi kweretina, yaye kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukubona izinto zikude.
I-myopia yobuxoki inxulumene ne-myopia yokwenyani. Kwi-myopia yokwenyani, inkqubo ye-refractive ye-emmetropia ikwimeko engatshintshiyo, oko kukuthi, emva kokukhutshwa kwesiphumo sohlengahlengiso, indawo ekude yeso ibekwe kumgama olinganiselweyo. Ngamanye amazwi, i-myopia ngenxa yokuzalwa okanye izinto ezifunyenweyo ezibangela ukuba i-diameter yangaphambili kunye ne-posterior ye-eyeball ibe nde. Xa imitha yelanga enxuseneyo ingena esweni, iba kwindawo egxile kuyo phambi kweretina, nto leyo ebangela ukuba angaboni kakuhle. Kwaye i-pseudo-myopia, iyinxalenye yempembelelo yokulungelelanisa xa ujonga izinto ezikude.
Ukuba inqanaba le-pseudo-myopia alihoywanga, liya kuphuhla ngakumbi libe yi-myopia yokwenyani. I-Pseudo-myopia ibangelwa yi-ciliary muscle over-regulating spasm kwaye ayikwazi ukuphumla. Ngethuba nje i-ciliary muscle ikhululekile kwaye i-lens ibuyiselwe, iimpawu ze-myopia ziya kunyamalala; I-myopia yokwenyani ibangelwa yi-spasm yexesha elide lemisipha ye-ciliary, ecinezela i-eyeball, ebangela ukuba i-axis ye-eyeball ibe yinto emide, kwaye izinto ezikude azikwazi ukubonakaliswa kwi-fundus retina.
Iimfuno zothintelo kunye nolawulo lweMyopia
"IiMfuno zezeMpilo zoThintelo kunye noLawulo lwe-Myopia kwiZibonelelo zeSikolo kuBantwana kunye noLutsha" lwakhululwa. Lo mgangatho mtsha umiselwe njengomgangatho wesizwe osisinyanzelo kwaye uya kuphunyezwa ngokusesikweni ngomhla woku-1 kuMatshi, ngo-2022.
Umgangatho omtsha uya kubandakanya iincwadi zezifundo, izixhobo ezongezelelweyo, iimagazini zokufunda, iincwadi zomsebenzi wesikolo, amaphepha eemviwo, amaphephandaba okufunda, izixhobo zokufunda zabantwana abasaqala isikolo, kunye nokukhanyisa igumbi lokufundela jikelele, izibane zokufunda nokubhala umsebenzi wesikolo wasekhaya, kunye nokufundisa imultimedia yabantwana enxulumene nothintelo nolawulo lwe-myopia. . Izixhobo zesikolo ezilungiselelwe ulutsha zonke zibandakanyiwe kulawulo, nto leyo ecacisa ukuba -
Oonobumba abasetyenziswe kwibakala lokuqala nelesibini kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi kufuneka bangabi ngaphantsi koonobumba aba-3, abalinganiswa baseTshayina bafanele ukuba babe ngoonobumba abakekeleyo, yaye indawo yomgca mayingabi ngaphantsi kwe-5.0mm.
Abalinganiswa abasetyenziswe kwibanga lesithathu nelesine kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi kufuneka bangabi ngaphantsi koonobumba abayiNombolo yesi-4. Iimpawu zesiShayina ziyi-Kaiti kunye ne-Songti, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ziguquka ukusuka eKaiti ukuya kwi-Songti, kwaye indawo yomgca akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-4.0mm.
Iimpawu ezisetyenziswe kwibakala lesihlanu ukuya kwelesithoba kunye nesikolo esiphakamileyo akufanele sibe sincinci kunomlingiswa omncinci we-4, abalinganiswa baseTshayina kufuneka babe ikakhulu isitayela seNgoma, kwaye indawo yomgca kufuneka ingabi ngaphantsi kwe-3.0mm.
Amagama awongezelelweyo asetyenziswe kuluhlu lweziqulatho, amanqaku, njl. Nangona kunjalo, awona magama asezantsi asetyenziswa kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi akufunekanga abe ngaphantsi kwamagama ama-5, kwaye awona magama asezantsi asetyenziswa kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo samabanga aphakamileyo kunye namabanga aphakamileyo akufunekanga abe ngaphantsi kwamagama ama-5.
Ubungakanani befonti yeencwadi zabantwana besikolo sabasaqalayo akufunekanga bube ngaphantsi kwe-3, kwaye akekeleyo zezona ziphambili. Oonobumba abongezelelweyo abanje ngeekhathalogu, amanqaku, ipinyin, njl. Indawo yomgca kufuneka ingabi ngaphantsi kwe-5.0mm.
Iincwadi zomsebenzi waseklasini kufuneka ziprintwe ngokucacileyo nangokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwamabala acacileyo.
Iphephandaba lokufunda kufuneka libe nombala ofanayo we-inki kwaye lingqinelane ngobunzulu; iimpawu kufuneka zicace, kwaye akufuneki kubekho iimpawu ezingacacanga ezichaphazela ukuqatshelwa; akufuneki kubekho iiwatermark ezicacileyo.
Ukufundisa imultimedia akufuneki kubonise ukuqhwanyaza okubonakalayo, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko lokukhanya okuluhlaza, kwaye ukuqaqamba kwesikrini akufuneki kube kukhulu kakhulu xa kusetyenziswe.
Uthintelo kunye nolawulo lwe-myopia yosapho
Usapho yeyona ndawo iphambili yokuhlala nokufunda kwabantwana kunye nolutsha, kwaye ukukhanyisa ekhaya kunye neemeko zokukhanyisa zibaluleke kakhulu kubantwana kunye nococeko lwamehlo abantwana abafikisayo.
1. Beka idesksi ecaleni kwefestile ukwenzela ukuba i-axis ende yedesksi i-perpendicular to window. Ukukhanya kwendalo kufuneka kungene kwelinye icala lesandla sokubhala xa ufunda naxa ubhala emini.
2. Ukuba akukho kukhanya okwaneleyo xa ufunda kwaye ubhala ngexesha lemini, unokubeka isibane kwidesika yokukhanyisa okongeziweyo, kwaye usibeke phambi kwelinye icala lesandla sokubhala.
3. Xa ufunda kwaye ubhala ebusuku, sebenzisa isibane sedesika kunye nesibane sesilingi segumbi ngaxeshanye, kwaye ubeke isibane ngokuchanekileyo.
4. Imithombo yokukhanyisa yasekhaya kufuneka isebenzise izixhobo zokukhanyisa imibala emithathu, kwaye ukushisa kombala wezibane zetafile akufanele kudlule i-4000K.
5. Izibane ze-naked akufanele zisetyenziselwe ukukhanyisa ekhaya, oko kukuthi, iibhubhu okanye ii-bulbs azikwazi ukusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa iibhubhu okanye iibhubhu ezinokukhusela isibane kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukukhusela amehlo kwi-glare.
6. Kuphephe ukubeka iipleyiti zeglasi okanye ezinye izinto ezithanda ukumenyezela edesikeni.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziziphi izizathu zofuzo, abanye abantu bathi ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwezikrini ze-elektroniki kunokubangela umonakalo emehlweni, kodwa ngokwenene, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukho yonke indawo kwindalo, kwaye asonakalisa amehlo ethu ngenxa yoko. Ngokuchasene noko, kwixesha elingenazo iimveliso zombane, abantu abaninzi basaphethwe yi-myopia. Ngoko ke, izinto ezikhokelela ngokwenene ekwandeni kwe-myopia kulutsha lusondele kwaye lusebenzise ixesha elide lwamehlo.
Sebenzisa amehlo akho ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ukhumbule "20-20-20" ifomula: Emva kokujonga into kangangemizuzu engama-20, jikisa ingqalelo yakho kwinto emalunga neemitha ezi-6, kwaye uyibambe imizuzwana engama-20.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-26-2022