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Indlela yokukhetha kunye nokugqoka izibuko zelanga?

Iiglasi zelanga zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-sunshades. Ehlotyeni nasemathafeni, abantu badla ngokunxiba iindondo zelanga ukuze bangavuselelwa kukukhanya okunamandla nokuthintela umonakalo owenziwe yimitha ye<em>ultraviolet emehlweni. Ngokuphucuka kwemigangatho yokuphila, abantu bayawaxabisa amehlo abo ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ngokukhanya kwelanga, imisebe ye-ultraviolet iyingozi emehlweni. Umongo wemitha yeultraviolet kwimitha yelanga efikelela kumphezulu womhlaba wenza malunga ne-7%. I-cornea kunye ne-lens yeliso lomntu zizicubu ze-ocular ezisengozini yokulimala kwe-UV. I-Cataract sisifo samehlo esihambelana ngokusondeleyo nemitha ye-ultraviolet. Izifo ze-Ophthalmic ezifana ne-solar keratitis, ukulimala kwe-corneal endothelial, i-eye macular discoloration, kunye ne-retinitis zonke zinxulumene nemitha ye-ultraviolet. Izibuko zelanga ezifanelekileyo zinomsebenzi wokuthintela imisebe ye-ultraviolet kunye ne-infrared. Ngoko ke, kunokuthiwa ukunxiba izibuko zelanga ehlotyeni yenye yeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela amehlo kwimisebe ye-ultraviolet.

Iindondo zelanga ngokubanzi zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ezinombala okhanyayo kunye nombala omnyama, kwaye zibandakanya imibala eyahlukeneyo. Ukugweba umgangatho wezibuko zelanga, ingqwalasela kufuneka ibe kwiimpawu ezininzi zobuchwepheshe ezifana namandla e-vertex kunye namandla eprism, iimpawu zokudluliselwa kwe-transmittance ratio, umgangatho ophezulu kunye neziphene zangaphakathi, ukuchaneka kwendibano kunye neemfuno zokubunjwa.

Iiglasi zelanga ezintle ziyakwazi ukwenza umthunzi kwaye zihombise umphandle wakho. Kodwa kwimarike, imeko yokwenyani ayinathemba. Abanye abarhwebi bayalibala malunga nenzuzo, basebenzise ukunqongophala kwabathengi ukuqonda umgangatho wezibuko zelanga, kwaye basebenzise umgangatho ophantsi, iglasi yefestile enexabiso eliphantsi okanye ezinye izinto eziphantsi ukwenza iiglasi. Ezi zixhobo zinokufana okungahambi kakuhle, ziqulethe i-streaks, ama-bubbles kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo, azikwazi ukuvimba imisebe ye-ultraviolet, kwaye ayihlangabezani neemfuno ze-physiological zeso lomntu. Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kwamaphepha eplastiki angaphantsi kunye nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya okubonakalayo okuphantsi kakhulu kodwa ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu kwe-ultraviolet ukwenza iiglasi zelanga kuya kubangela ingozi kubathengi.

Indlela yokukhetha kunye nokugqoka izibuko zelanga? Iingcali zikhumbuza abathengi ukuba banganikeli ingqalelo kuphela kwisitayile seglasi, kodwa kunye nomgangatho wabo wendalo. Kwiiglasi zelanga ezifanelekileyo, ukuhanjiswa kwemitha ye-ultraviolet yamaza amade enobude obuphakathi kwe-315nm kunye ne-380nm akufuneki kudlule kwi-10%, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwemitha ye-ultraviolet yamaza aphakathi enobude obuphakathi kwe-280nm kunye ne-315nm kufuneka ibe nguziro. Ukunxiba olu hlobo lweendondo zelanga kunokukhusela i-cornea, i-lens kunye ne-retina yamehlo kumonakalo we-UV. Ezinye iiglasi zelanga ezinexabiso eliphantsi azikwazi nje ukucoca imisebe ye-ultraviolet, kodwa zikwathintela ukukhanya okubonakalayo, zenza ukuba ukuvezwa kwimitha ye-ultraviolet kucace ngakumbi. Kungcono ukuba ungagqoki izibuko zelanga ezingaphantsi.

Iindondo zelanga zezesipili esisicaba series. Ngokwemigangatho kazwelonke, izibuko zelanga zivunyelwe kuphela ukuba zibe ne-diopter ye-plus okanye i-minus 8 degrees, kwaye ngaphaya kolu luhlu lwempazamo yimveliso ephantsi. Ngokutsho kokufunyanwa kwezibuko zelanga kwiimarike ngabaphandi, phantse i-30% yezibuko zelanga zine-diopter edlula ukunyamezela, kwaye ezinye zide zide zibe ngama-20 degrees. Iingcali zibonisa ukuba abathengi abanombono oqhelekileyo banxiba olu hlobo lwezibuko zelanga, njengokunxiba iiglasi ze-myopia okanye i-hyperopia. Emva kwehlobo, abathengi baya "kuqeqeshwa" kwizigulane ze-myopia okanye i-hyperopia ngezibuko zelanga ezingaphantsi. Xa ufumana iimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, isicaphucaphu, kunye nekhazikhazi emva kokunxiba iindondo zelanga, kufuneka uyeke ukuzinxiba kwangoko.